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Haydée Mercedes Sosa ((:merˈseðes ˈsosa); 9 July 1935〔(Mercedes Sosa ) at BrainyHistory.com〕 – 4 October 2009), known as La Negra (literally: ''The Black Woman''), was an Argentine singer who was popular throughout Latin America and many countries outside the continent. Curiously, she was born on Argentina's Independence Day. With her roots in Argentine folk music, Sosa became one of the preeminent exponents of nueva canción. She gave voice to songs written by Brazilian, Chilean and Cuban songwriters. She was best known as the "voice of the voiceless ones".〔(Singer Mercedes Sosa: The voice of the 'voiceless ones' outlasts South American dictatorships )〕 Sosa performed in venues such as the Lincoln Center in New York City, the Théâtre Mogador in Paris and the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City, as well as sell-out shows in New York's Carnegie Hall and the Roman Colosseum during her final decade of life. Her career spanned four decades and she was the recipient of several Grammy awards and nominations, including a posthumous Latin Grammy award for Best Folk Album. She served as an ambassador for UNICEF. ==Life== Sosa was born on 9 July 1935, in San Miguel de Tucumán, in the northwestern Argentine province of Tucumán, of mestizo, French, and Diaguita Amerindian ancestry.〔 In 1950, at age fifteen, she won a singing competition organized by a local radio station and was given a contract to perform for two months.〔 She recorded her first album, ''La Voz de la Zafra'', in 1959.〔 A performance at the 1965 Cosquín National Folklore Festival—where she was introduced and brought to the stage while sitting in the audience by fellow folk singer Jorge Cafrune—〔. Retrieved 3.03.2010.〕 brought her to the attention of her native countrypeople.〔 Sosa and her first husband, Manuel Óscar Matus, with whom she had one son, were key players in the mid-60s nueva canción movement (which was called ''nuevo cancionero'' in Argentina).〔 Her second record was ''Canciones con Fundamento'', a collection of Argentine folk songs. In 1967, Sosa toured the United States and Europe with great success. In later years, she performed and recorded extensively, broadening her repertoire to include material from throughout Latin America. In the early 1970s, Sosa released two concept albums in collaboration with composer Ariel Ramírez and lyricist Félix Luna: ''Cantata Sudamericana'' and ''Mujeres Argentinas'' (Argentine Women). She also recorded a tribute to Chilean poet Violeta Parra in 1971, including what was to become one of Sosa's signature songs, ''Gracias a la Vida''.〔〔 She also increased the popularity of songs written by Milton Nascimento of Brazil and Pablo Milanés and Silvio Rodríguez both from Cuba.〔 After the military junta of Jorge Videla came to power in 1976, the atmosphere in Argentina grew increasingly oppressive. At a concert in La Plata in 1979, Sosa was searched and arrested on stage, along with all those attending the concert.〔 Their release came about through international intervention.〔 Banned in her own country, she moved to Paris and then to Madrid.〔〔 Her second husband died in 1978. Sosa returned to Argentina in 1982,〔 several months before the military regime collapsed as a result of the Falklands War, and gave a series of concerts at the Opera theatre in Buenos Aires, where she invited many of her younger colleagues to share the stage. A double album of recordings from these performances became an instant best seller. In subsequent years, Sosa continued to tour both in Argentina and abroad, performing in such venues as the Lincoln Center in New York and the Théâtre Mogador in Paris. In a poor condition of health for much of the 1990s, she performed a comeback show in Argentina in 1998.〔 In 1994, she played the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City. In 2002, she sold out both Carnegie Hall in New York and the Colosseum in Rome in the same year.〔 A supporter of Perón in her youth, she favored leftist causes throughout her life. She opposed President Carlos Menem, who was in office from 1989 to 1999, and supported the election of Néstor Kirchner, who became president in 2003.〔(Interview with Mercedes Sosa ), ''Magazin Berliner Zeitung'', 25 October 2003. 〕 Sosa was a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador for Latin America and the Caribbean.〔〔(Mercedes Sosa in concert )〕 In a career spanning of four decades, she worked with performers across several genres and generations, folk, opera, pop, rock, including Martha Argerich, Andrea Bocelli, David Broza, Franco Battiato, Jaime Roos, Joan Baez, Francis Cabrel, Gal Costa, Luz Casal, Lila Downs, Lucio Dalla, Maria Farantouri, Lucecita Benitez, Nilda Fernández, Charly Garcia, León Gieco, Gian Marco, Nana Mouskouri, Pablo Milanés, Holly Near, Milton Nascimento, Pata Negra, Fito Páez, Franco De Vita, Lourdes Pérez, Luciano Pavarotti, Silvio Rodríguez, Ismael Serrano, Shakira, Sting, Caetano Veloso,〔 Julieta Venegas and Konstantin Wecker Sosa participated in a 1999 production of Ariel Ramírez's ''Misa Criolla''.〔(In Profile: Mercedes Sosa )〕 Her song ''Balderrama'' is featured in the 2008 movie ''Che'', starring Benicio del Toro as the Argentine Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara.〔 – a tribute to Che Guevara〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mercedes Sosa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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